地図

地図上への円の描画:

経路データ

SID SEASON NUMBER BASIN SUBBASIN NAME ISO_TIME NATURE LAT LON WMO_WIND WMO_PRES WMO_AGENCY TRACK_TYPE DIST2LAND LANDFALL IFLAG USA_AGENCY USA_ATCF_ID USA_LAT USA_LON USA_RECORD USA_STATUS USA_WIND USA_PRES USA_SSHS USA_R34_NE USA_R34_SE USA_R34_SW USA_R34_NW USA_R50_NE USA_R50_SE USA_R50_SW USA_R50_NW USA_R64_NE USA_R64_SE USA_R64_SW USA_R64_NW USA_POCI USA_ROCI USA_RMW USA_EYE TOKYO_LAT TOKYO_LON TOKYO_GRADE TOKYO_WIND TOKYO_PRES TOKYO_R50_DIR TOKYO_R50_LONG TOKYO_R50_SHORT TOKYO_R30_DIR TOKYO_R30_LONG TOKYO_R30_SHORT TOKYO_LAND CMA_LAT CMA_LON CMA_CAT CMA_WIND CMA_PRES HKO_LAT HKO_LON HKO_CAT HKO_WIND HKO_PRES NEWDELHI_LAT NEWDELHI_LON NEWDELHI_GRADE NEWDELHI_WIND NEWDELHI_PRES NEWDELHI_CI NEWDELHI_DP NEWDELHI_POCI REUNION_LAT REUNION_LON REUNION_TYPE REUNION_WIND REUNION_PRES REUNION_TNUM REUNION_CI REUNION_RMW REUNION_R34_NE REUNION_R34_SE REUNION_R34_SW REUNION_R34_NW REUNION_R50_NE REUNION_R50_SE REUNION_R50_SW REUNION_R50_NW REUNION_R64_NE REUNION_R64_SE REUNION_R64_SW REUNION_R64_NW BOM_LAT BOM_LON BOM_TYPE BOM_WIND BOM_PRES BOM_TNUM BOM_CI BOM_RMW BOM_R34_NE BOM_R34_SE BOM_R34_SW BOM_R34_NW BOM_R50_NE BOM_R50_SE BOM_R50_SW BOM_R50_NW BOM_R64_NE BOM_R64_SE BOM_R64_SW BOM_R64_NW BOM_ROCI BOM_POCI BOM_EYE BOM_POS_METHOD BOM_PRES_METHOD NADI_LAT NADI_LON NADI_CAT NADI_WIND NADI_PRES WELLINGTON_LAT WELLINGTON_LON WELLINGTON_WIND WELLINGTON_PRES DS824_LAT DS824_LON DS824_STAGE DS824_WIND DS824_PRES TD9636_LAT TD9636_LON TD9636_STAGE TD9636_WIND TD9636_PRES TD9635_LAT TD9635_LON TD9635_WIND TD9635_PRES TD9635_ROCI NEUMANN_LAT NEUMANN_LON NEUMANN_CLASS NEUMANN_WIND NEUMANN_PRES MLC_LAT MLC_LON MLC_CLASS MLC_WIND MLC_PRES USA_GUST BOM_GUST BOM_GUST_PER REUNION_GUST REUNION_GUST_PER USA_SEAHGT USA_SEARAD_NE USA_SEARAD_SE USA_SEARAD_SW USA_SEARAD_NW STORM_SPEED STORM_DIR
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-02 12:00:00 TS -12.8000 163.100 main 240 240 O________OO___ jtwc_sh SH161961 -12.8000 163.100 -5 -12.8000 163.100 TC -12.8000 163.100 1 2 149
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-02 15:00:00 TS -12.8831 163.157 main 254 254 P________PP___ SH161961 -12.8800 163.155 -5 -12.8800 163.155 TC -12.8892 163.162 1 4 137
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-02 18:00:00 TS -13.0738 163.363 main 284 284 O________OP___ jtwc_sh SH161961 -13.0000 163.200 -5 -13.0000 163.200 TC -13.0126 163.210 1 5 153
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-02 21:00:00 TS -13.2927 163.371 main 304 304 P________PP___ SH161961 -13.1975 163.222 -5 -13.1975 163.222 TC -13.2048 163.227 1 5 173
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 00:00:00 TS -13.6054 163.422 main 335 335 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -13.5000 163.200 -5 -13.5000 163.200 TC -13.5000 163.200 1 -13.7000 165.200 TC 20 1004 7 183
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 03:00:00 TS -13.9524 163.328 main 356 353 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -13.9200 163.137 -5 -13.9200 163.137 TC -13.9155 163.115 1 -13.7876 164.762 TC 22 1003 7 202
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 06:00:00 TS -14.2937 163.140 main 370 368 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -14.4000 163.000 -5 -14.4000 163.000 TC -14.3997 162.970 1 -13.9000 164.300 TC 25 1002 8 213
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 09:00:00 TS -14.6209 162.883 main 388 388 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -14.8875 162.788 -5 -14.8875 162.788 TC -14.8841 162.765 1 -14.0500 163.800 TC 27 1001 9 223
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 12:00:00 TS -14.9220 162.537 main 430 430 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -15.3000 162.500 -5 -15.3000 162.500 TC -15.3000 162.500 4 -14.2000 163.300 TC 30 1000 8 234
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 15:00:00 TS -15.1129 162.179 main 463 463 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -15.5450 162.172 -5 -15.5450 162.172 TC -15.5626 162.154 4 -14.2999 162.842 TC 32 999 8 245
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 18:00:00 TS -15.2496 161.811 main 492 492 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -15.7000 161.800 -5 -15.7000 161.800 TC -15.7482 161.757 4 -14.4000 162.400 TC 35 998 8 249
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-03 21:00:00 TS -15.3896 161.432 main 516 516 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -15.8650 161.393 -5 -15.8650 161.393 TC -15.8845 161.357 4 -14.5576 161.898 TC 35 997 7 249
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 00:00:00 TS -15.5111 161.102 main 531 531 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -16.0000 161.000 -5 -16.0000 161.000 TC -16.0000 161.000 2 -14.7000 161.500 TC 35 997 6 248
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 03:00:00 TS -15.6091 160.861 main 546 546 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -16.1000 160.655 -5 -16.1000 160.655 TC -16.1310 160.705 2 -14.7573 161.347 TC 35 997 4 243
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 06:00:00 TS -15.7099 160.693 main 561 561 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -16.2000 160.400 -5 -16.2000 160.400 TC -16.2497 160.465 2 -14.8000 161.300 TC 35 997 4 231
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 09:00:00 TS -15.8448 160.563 main 574 574 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -16.3424 160.247 -5 -16.3424 160.247 TC -16.3686 160.293 2 -14.8700 161.193 TC 35 997 4 212
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 12:00:00 TS -16.0087 160.498 main 598 587 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -16.5000 160.200 -5 -16.5000 160.200 TC -16.5000 160.200 2 -15.0000 161.100 TC 35 997 4 191
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 15:00:00 TS -16.1967 160.490 main 587 570 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -16.6425 160.220 -5 -16.6425 160.220 TC -16.6564 160.188 2 -15.2275 161.042 TC 35 996 4 173
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 18:00:00 TS -16.4055 160.530 main 570 546 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -16.8000 160.300 -5 -16.8000 160.300 TC -16.8274 160.252 2 -15.5000 161.000 TC 35 996 4 168
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-04 21:00:00 TS -16.6250 160.586 main 546 522 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -16.9925 160.393 -5 -16.9925 160.393 TC -17.0096 160.366 2 -15.7425 160.920 TC 35 996 5 163
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 00:00:00 TS -16.8551 160.671 main 514 491 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -17.2000 160.500 -5 -17.2000 160.500 TC -17.2000 160.500 1 -16.0000 160.900 TC 35 996 5 159
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 03:00:00 TS -17.0936 160.782 main 491 467 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -17.4000 160.593 -5 -17.4000 160.593 TC -17.4051 160.623 1 -16.3000 161.020 TC 37 995 5 154
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 06:00:00 TS -17.3332 160.918 main 467 429 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -17.6000 160.700 -5 -17.6000 160.700 TC -17.6151 160.757 1 -16.6000 161.200 TC 40 995 6 149
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 09:00:00 TS -17.5672 161.075 main 429 405 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -17.8150 160.865 -5 -17.8150 160.865 TC -17.8176 160.888 1 -16.8500 161.350 TC 40 995 5 149
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 12:00:00 TS -17.7830 161.199 main 405 398 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -18.0000 161.000 -5 -18.0000 161.000 TC -18.0000 161.000 1 -17.1000 161.500 TC 40 995 4 158
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 15:00:00 TS -17.9488 161.238 main 398 383 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -18.1075 161.008 -5 -18.1075 161.008 TC -18.1055 161.008 1 -17.3925 161.650 TC 40 994 3 171
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 18:00:00 TS -18.0934 161.248 main 383 368 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -18.2000 161.000 -5 -18.2000 161.000 TC -18.1968 161.004 1 -17.7000 161.800 TC 40 994 3 178
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-05 21:00:00 TS -18.2311 161.260 main 368 345 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -18.3124 161.040 -5 -18.3124 161.040 TC -18.3146 161.049 1 -17.9849 161.913 TC 40 994 4 155
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 00:00:00 TS -18.4500 161.425 main 345 293 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -18.5000 161.200 -5 -18.5000 161.200 TC -18.5000 161.200 1 -18.3000 162.100 TC 40 994 7 139
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 03:00:00 TS -18.7797 161.771 main 285 224 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -18.8125 161.540 -5 -18.8125 161.540 TC -18.8160 161.542 1 -18.6776 162.462 TC 42 993 11 134
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 06:00:00 TS -19.1746 162.223 main 224 156 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -19.2000 162.000 -5 -19.2000 162.000 TC -19.1985 161.993 1 -19.1000 162.900 TC 45 992 12 133
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 09:00:00 TS -19.5967 162.713 main 156 89 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -19.6076 162.500 -5 -19.6076 162.500 TC -19.6066 162.498 1 -19.5651 163.352 TC 45 991 12 133
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 12:00:00 TS -20.0000 163.175 main 89 52 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -20.0000 163.000 -5 -20.0000 163.000 TC -20.0000 163.000 2 -20.0000 163.700 TC 45 990 10 135
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 15:00:00 TS -20.3133 163.466 main 52 38 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -20.3148 163.415 -5 -20.3148 163.415 TC -20.3015 163.284 2 -20.3222 163.751 TC 50 8 138
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 18:00:00 TS -20.5965 163.743 main 45 38 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -20.6000 163.800 -5 -20.6000 163.800 TC -20.5861 163.574 2 -20.6000 163.800 TC 55 8 136
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-06 21:00:00 TS -20.8804 164.049 main 43 15 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -20.8837 164.096 -5 -20.8837 164.096 TC -20.8779 163.976 2 -20.8762 164.029 TC 52 10 127
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 00:00:00 TS -21.2000 164.600 main 15 0 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -21.2000 164.600 -5 -21.2000 164.600 TC -21.2000 164.600 2 -21.2000 164.600 TC 50 16 116
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 03:00:00 TS -21.5928 165.609 main 0 0 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -21.5851 165.558 -5 -21.5851 165.558 TC -21.5576 165.651 2 -21.6435 165.672 TC 47 23 111
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 06:00:00 TS -22.0106 166.880 main 11 10 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -22.0000 166.800 -5 -22.0000 166.800 TC -21.9423 166.921 2 -22.1000 167.000 TC 45 26 108
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 09:00:00 TS -22.3868 168.224 main 123 123 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -22.3785 168.166 -5 -22.3785 168.166 TC -22.3547 168.255 2 -22.4356 168.311 TC 42 25 108
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 12:00:00 TS -22.8000 169.500 main 262 262 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -22.8000 169.500 -5 -22.8000 169.500 TC -22.8000 169.500 2 -22.8000 169.500 TC 40 23 114
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 15:00:00 TS -23.3384 170.523 main 375 375 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -23.3341 170.605 -5 -23.3341 170.605 TC -23.3595 170.522 2 -23.3257 170.361 TC 37 21 123
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 18:00:00 TS -23.9112 171.381 main 484 484 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -23.9000 171.500 -5 -23.9000 171.500 TC -23.9448 171.423 2 -23.9000 171.100 TC 35 19 127
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-07 21:00:00 TS -24.4731 172.180 main 584 584 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -24.4669 172.255 -5 -24.4669 172.255 TC -24.4827 172.188 2 -24.4757 172.024 TC 32 16 127
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 00:00:00 TS -24.9000 172.800 main 658 658 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -24.9000 172.800 -5 -24.9000 172.800 TC -24.9000 172.800 1 -24.9000 172.800 TC 30 11 123
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 03:00:00 TS -25.0581 173.188 main 704 704 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.0670 173.153 -5 -25.0670 173.153 TC -25.0893 173.263 1 -25.0091 173.184 TC 30 6 108
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 06:00:00 TS -25.0898 173.444 main 722 722 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -25.1000 173.400 -5 -25.1000 173.400 TC -25.1592 173.577 1 -25.0000 173.400 TC 30 5 99
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 09:00:00 TS -25.1361 173.731 main 750 750 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.1425 173.708 -5 -25.1425 173.708 TC -25.1746 173.803 1 -25.0850 173.708 TC 30 5 102
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 12:00:00 TS -25.2000 174.000 main 782 782 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -25.2000 174.000 -5 -25.2000 174.000 TC -25.2000 174.000 1 -25.2000 174.000 TC 30 5 113
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 15:00:00 TS -25.3411 174.254 main 814 814 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.3349 174.257 -5 -25.3349 174.257 TC -25.3523 174.244 1 -25.3424 174.258 TC 30 5 124
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 18:00:00 TS -25.5054 174.494 main 841 841 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -25.5000 174.500 -5 -25.5000 174.500 TC -25.5217 174.477 1 -25.5000 174.500 TC 30 5 128
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-08 21:00:00 TS -25.6744 174.732 main 868 868 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.6724 174.735 -5 -25.6724 174.735 TC -25.6803 174.722 1 -25.6724 174.735 TC 30 5 123
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 00:00:00 TS -25.8000 175.000 main 890 880 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -25.8000 175.000 -5 -25.8000 175.000 TC -25.8000 175.000 1 -25.8000 175.000 TC 30 6 106
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 03:00:00 TS -25.8257 175.335 main 880 868 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.8225 175.328 -5 -25.8225 175.328 TC -25.8354 175.356 1 -25.8225 175.328 TC 30 6 91
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 06:00:00 TS -25.8076 175.711 main 868 858 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -25.8000 175.700 -5 -25.8000 175.700 TC -25.8305 175.743 1 -25.8000 175.700 TC 30 7 88
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 09:00:00 TS -25.7970 176.114 main 858 850 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.7926 176.108 -5 -25.7926 176.108 TC -25.8104 176.134 1 -25.7926 176.108 TC 30 7 89
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 12:00:00 TS -25.8000 176.500 main 850 846 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -25.8000 176.500 -5 -25.8000 176.500 TC -25.8000 176.500 1 -25.8000 176.500 TC 30 6 94
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 15:00:00 TS -25.8385 176.815 main 846 844 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.8424 176.822 -5 -25.8424 176.822 TC -25.8269 176.792 1 -25.8424 176.822 TC 30 5 100
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 18:00:00 TS -25.8923 177.089 main 853 851 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -25.9000 177.100 -5 -25.9000 177.100 TC -25.8691 177.058 1 -25.9000 177.100 TC 30 5 102
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-09 21:00:00 TS -25.9385 177.337 main 851 851 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -25.9423 177.343 -5 -25.9423 177.343 TC -25.9269 177.320 1 -25.9423 177.343 TC 30 5 103
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 00:00:00 TS -26.0000 177.600 main 861 860 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -26.0000 177.600 -5 -26.0000 177.600 TC -26.0000 177.600 1 -26.0000 177.600 TC 30 6 105
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 03:00:00 TS -26.0868 177.940 main 872 872 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -26.0925 177.935 -5 -26.0925 177.935 TC -26.0698 177.957 1 -26.0925 177.935 TC 30 7 107
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 06:00:00 TS -26.1889 178.307 main 883 883 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -26.2000 178.300 -5 -26.2000 178.300 TC -26.1556 178.330 1 -26.2000 178.300 TC 30 7 107
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 09:00:00 TS -26.2853 178.673 main 895 895 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -26.2925 178.665 -5 -26.2925 178.665 TC -26.2635 178.688 1 -26.2926 178.673 TC 30 7 109
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 12:00:00 TS -26.4000 179.000 main 909 909 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -26.4000 179.000 -5 -26.4000 179.000 TC -26.4000 179.000 1 -26.4000 179.000 TC 30 6 116
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 15:00:00 TS -26.5378 179.262 main 923 923 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -26.5275 179.288 -5 -26.5275 179.288 TC -26.5690 179.243 1 -26.5274 179.230 TC 30 5 128
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 18:00:00 TS -26.7161 179.457 main 948 948 O________OP_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -26.7000 179.500 -5 -26.7000 179.500 TC -26.7646 179.427 1 -26.7000 179.400 TC 30 5 144
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-10 21:00:00 TS -26.9439 179.594 main 972 972 P________PP_P_ SH161961 -26.9325 179.625 -5 -26.9325 179.625 TC -26.9779 179.573 1 -26.9326 179.552 TC 27 5 156
1961034S13163 1961 15 SP MM CATHERINE 1961-02-11 00:00:00 TS -27.2000 179.700 main 1006 O________OO_O_ jtwc_sh SH161961 -27.2000 179.700 -5 -27.2000 179.700 TC -27.2000 179.700 1 -27.2000 179.700 TC 25 5 159

デジタル台風データ・検索

IBTrACS Databaseについて

本データベースは、米国NOAAが公開する1842年以降の世界の熱帯低気圧のベストトラックデータアーカイブInternational Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS)を、ウェブで閲覧しやすい形式に変換したものです。

Data provided by NOAA IBTrACS (International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship), accessed on 2024-04-24