1. Creation of the Tyhoon Image Collection

The satellite image from GMS satellite captured three typhoons simultaneously, one in the northern hemisphere and two in the southern hemisphere. The center of those typhoons is determined from "Best Track", and then a region around the center is map projected (Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area Projection). This makes what we call a "typhoon image" which is centered on the image with the correct area. The size of the typhoon image is usually 2600km width for both sides.

A full disk image from the GMS satellite
9626 (Northern) 0860 (Southern)
Typhoon 9626 Typhoon 0860

2. Current Status of the Typhoon Image Collection

(Note) The latest statistics are summarized in the Digital Typhoon page.

As of Jan. 2004 Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere
Best track provider Japan Meteorological Agency Australian Bureau of Meteorology
Latitude Area of Reponsibility North of Equator South of Equator
Longitude Area of Reponsibility 100 E -- 180 E 90 E -- 170 E
Number of typhoon seasons 26 25
Number of typhoon sequence 666 269
Number of typhoon images 107,600 30,300
Number of typhoon images per sequence 53 -- 433 25 -- 513

3. Variability of Typhoon Images

One Day

Typhoon 199713 on Aug 15, 1997 The image below illustrates the collection of images taken on August 15, 1997 for Typhoon 199713. Adjacent images only differ in one hour, and they show pattern change in one hour is not significant.

Whole Life

Typhoon 199713 Life Cycle The image below illustrates pattern change of the same one, Typhoon 199713, but in different time scale, sampling every one day. Accumulation of a slight change in one hour makes significant change in one day.

Image Sequence

  1. Infrared images (MPEG : 4.9MB)
  2. Classified images (MPEG : 4.9MB)
  3. Shape decomposed images (MPEG : 4.9MB)
  4. Eigentyphoon images (MPEG : 4.7MB)